SSS 2: THE PERIODIC TABLE

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The periodic table....

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JSS 1: Chemical formula (II)

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Chemical formula:  This is the formula that shows the elements in a particular chemical substance and the number of each atom present Types of Chemical Formula There are three basic types of chemical formula:  1.  Empirical formula  2.  Molecular formula  3.  Structural formula  1. Empirical formula: This is the chemical formula that gives the simplest whole number ratio of atoms present in a compound. 2. Molecular formula: This is the  chemical formula that gives the total number of atoms of each element in each molecule of a compound. 3. Structural formula: This is the chemical formula that shows the location of chemical bonds between the atoms of a molecule.       The structural formula of methane The chemical formula of some compounds: 1.   Sodium hydroxide: NaOH  2. Potassium hydroxide: KOH  3. Calcium hydroxide:  Ca(OH)₂ 4. Sodium chloride(Tabl...
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SSS2: Chlorine and its compounds

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Chlorine is the most important element in the halogen family. It does not occur as a free element in nature because it is too reactive. It is usually found in the combined state as chlorides e.g. NaCl. Which is found in the sea and as salt deposits. Atomic mass =35.5  Atomic number = 17  Electronic configuration= 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 5  OR [Ne]3s 2 3p 5           Electronic shell configuration  The nucleus contains 17   protons   and 18 neutrons  There are two stable isotopes of chlorine. They are  37 Cl  and  35 Cl. Chlorine has a naturally occurring radioactive isotope, the cosmogenic isotope,  36 Cl . A Swedish chemist, Carl Wilhelm Scheele, discovered chlorine in 1774. A.  Laboratory preparation of chlorine   The laboratory method for the preparation of chlorine: 1. Using manganese (IV) oxide. Heat a mixture of Manganese(IV) oxide and concentrated HCl. T...
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JSS 2: Reacting and balancing of chemical equation (I)

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A chemical equation  is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in which the reactants and products are denoted by their respective chemical formulae. An example of a chemical equation is the reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to form water.              2H 2(g)  + O 2(g)  → 2H 2 O (g)               Reactant             Product  The  reactant side  is the part of the chemical equation to the left of the ‘→’ symbol whereas the  product side  is the part to the right of the arrow symbol. Examples: Balance the following reactions 1. Al + O 2  → Al 2 O 3 2.  N 2  + H 2  → NH 3 Solution:   1. 4 Al + 3 O 2  → 2 Al 2 O 3.  2.  N 2  + 3 H 2  → 2 NH 3.     React and balance the following: 1.  FeCl 3(s)  + NaOH → 2.  FeSO ...
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