JSS 2: THE PERIODIC TABLE

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The periodic table is a table which shows the arrangement of all the known elements in order of their increasing atomic number.
       It shows elements with similar properties placed in the same vertical columns (groups).

        Structure of the Periodic Table
         1      2      3      4     5      6     7       0
The table has horizontal rows called periods and vertical columns called groups. There are 7 periods and 8 groups in the periodic table.

Group 1 (Alkali metals)
Examples : Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K)

Group 2 (Alkaline earth metals)
Examples: Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca)

Group 7 (Halogens)
Examples: Fluorine (F), Chlorine (Cl)

Group 0 (Noble, Inert or Rare gases)
Examples: Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar)

      Importance of the Periodic Table
1. It helps to classify elements easily.
2. It shows the relationships between elements.
3. It helps scientists predict the behavior of elements.
4. It helps to identify new elements.
5. It provides a summary of chemical properties of all elements.

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